Composting Leaves
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Leaf mulching is the process of shredding leaves with a lawnmower and using them as mulch on your gardens and lawn. A forest naturally recycles nutrients (e.g., carbon, nitrogen, calcium, phosphorus and magnesium). Through nutrient recycling, decomposer organisms will breakdown organic matter (e.g., leaves) and return the nutrients to the soil in a form that can be used by plants and other microorganisms. Running a lawnmower over the leaves can accelerate the decomposing process.
- Green leaves are a nitrogen-rich "green" compostable material. Dried leaves are a carbon-rich "brown" material.
- Following standard composting methods, add layers of alternating "green" and "brown" materials, and top with garden soil or compost.
- Try the following to reduce the volume of leaves - shred in a garbage can with an electric lawn trimmer, run over with a lawnmower, or use a commercial chipper/shredder.
- In the fall, store surplus dry leaves in a bag or container. Dried leaves are an excellent "brown" material to add to the composter in the spring.
Use your leaves as mulch
Mulch is a layer of decomposing material that covers the soil surface. You can use your leaves as mulch on your vegetable garden or flowerbeds.
Fall and winter
In the fall, insulate your garden with mulch to help prevent frost from damaging sensitive perennials in your flowerbeds. Apply at least six inches of leaves for best results or dig your leaves into your vegetable garden. Leaves are an excellent conditioner for your garden.
Spring and summer
In the fall, store dry leaves in a bag or storage area. These leaves can be used as a spring and summer mulch the following year. The benefits will include conservation of soil moisture, shading of plant roots and erosion control. The leaves will also return nutrients to the soil.
Know your leaves
There are some leaves that should be treated with caution when used in a composter or as mulch. Leaves from most members of the Walnut family (e.g., black walnut and butternut) produce a chemical called juglone. There are plants that are tolerant of juglone, however, some susceptible plants may have a toxic reaction upon exposure. These leaves can be added to your composter, but it may take up to a year before the juglone breaks down and the finished compost can be used safely on gardens and house plants.
SOURCE: County of Wellington, Solid Waste Services Division
